Index Real-Time Magazine 2Q99
Editorial
By Martin Timmerman, Chief-Editor of Real-Time Magazine, Real-Time Consult.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.3

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RT DOCTOR
Windows NT as Real-Time OS ?
More and more companies are trying to use Windows NT as a standard Operating System (OS) at all levels of the industrial hierarchy. The use as server and workstation is obvious, but some people want to use it also on the factory floor. These factory floor applications demand real-time system behaviour. Can Windows NT be a component to fulfil this need?
First, we will define what a real-time system is and the OS characteristics we need to allow developers to build such a real-time system. The distinction will be made between hard and soft real-time systems. In the second part, we demonstrate how and why Windows NT cannot fulfil the requirements of a hard real-time system. We show, however, that for some simple soft real-time applications, Windows NT could be used under certain circumstances.

By Dr. ir. Martin Timmerman, Managing Director, Jean-Christophe Monfret, Project Manager, Real-Time Consult.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.6article download
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Windows NT Real-Time Extensions: an overview
Windows NT (NT) becomes increasingly popular to be used in a Real-Time System. There are several reasons for that:

  • The Win32 API is considered as a standard and a tremendous number of software is available for it.
  • The graphical user interface is so popular that only a few competitors are left now.
  • NT has a lot of ready to go solutions for communication issues.
  • All sorts of development tools are available for Window-NT environment.


In a previous article we discussed the impossibility of using NT as a Real-Time OS. (RTOS). In this article, we want to discuss and compare the solutions the industry is offering today to give NT a Real-Time flavour.
All solutions have potential advantages and drawbacks. This essentially means that each of them is probably useful in only a particular application type. The information in this paper should give the reader the capability of choosing the right solution for his kind of application.

Dr. ir. Martin Timmerman, Managing Director, Jean-Christophe Monfret, Project Manager, Real-Time Consult.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.14article download
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WINDOWS NT
Implementing the Win32 API over a POSIX Real-Time OS
After presenting the advantages and drawbacks of the different possible solutions to extend Windows NT to support Real-Time Applications, this article explains the solution chosen by QNX. It is based on the port of the Win32 API over a QNX kernel. To ensure the stability of the solution for the future an effort to normalise the Win32 API has been started.

By Dan Hildebrand, Senior Architect, R&D, QNX Software Systems Ltd.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.25article download
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Getting real with NT: Approaches to Real-Time Windows-NT
This article presents the Radisys approach to extend Windows NT to support Real-Time applications. After presenting the seven possible means to extend Windows NT, the article explains the solution chosen by Radisys. It is based on modifying the HAL and taking advantages of the hardware tasks offered by the Intel processors.

By Dave Kresta, Marketing Manager, Radisys Corp.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.32article download
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Extending Windows/NT for Embedded and Hard Real-Time Systems
Open PC based architectures are presenting unprecedented opportunities for positive change in the nature of dedicated systems in the fields of industrial automation, telecommunications, point-of-sale and others.
The opportunity for Windows/NT to become the dominant operating system for open PC based architectures in these markets will be examined. Extensions to Windows/NT are under development to increase the speed and extent of its market penetration and acceptance.
VenturCom concludes that some hard real-time, scalability, and embedded operation extensions are required to be made to Windows/NT in order to achieve sub-millisecond response times, and to reduce hardware resource requirements while maintaining full compatibility with the enormous range of software written for Windows/NT.
VenturCom, with over 15 years experience in providing real-time and embedded systems technology for builders of dedicated systems, has signed marketing and technical agreements with Microsoft to produce and sell the development tools and extensions required.

By Michael Rogosin, General Manager, Dr. Myron Zimmerman, Chief Technology Officer, Naren Nachiappan, Vice President, VenturCom.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.36article download
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LP-RTWin
The LP-RTWin Toolkit uses a simple hardware expansion module that can be plugged into a PC to achieve Hard real-time deterministic responses in Windows based products. The real-time extension is based on a Non Maskable Interrupt ISR. Therefore deterministic response in the microseconds region can be achieved.

By Heinrich Munz, Managing Director, LP Elektronik GmbH.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.43article download
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LP-VxWin: VxWorks Together with Windows on the same PC
This article deals with how LP Elektronik added Real-Time features to Windows and Windows NT. Three solutions are covered, combining WindRiver OS (VxWorks) and Microsoft OSes. The first solution could be qualified as a soft real-time solution, whereas the two last ones could be considered as hard real-time. To reach this level of predictability these two solutions need extra hardware.

By Heinrich Munz, Managing Director, LP Elektronik GmbH.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.47article download
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Nucleus MNT and Nucleus VNET: Windows NT and 95 based Version of Nucleus PLUS
More and more companies would like to develop their software at the same time as their hardware, so that their product can be released much faster.
With the introduction of Nucleus MNT and Nucleus VNET is it possible to prototype the software without having all the hardware equipment that is needed for the embedded system.

By Neil F. Henderson, President, Accelerated Technology.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.55article download
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POSIX
Meeting Real-Time Performance Goals with Kernel Threads
Managing priorities of threads is important aspect of real-time operating systems. An unwanted effect can be priority inversion when hard- and software interrupts interact. The LynxOS offers two solutions unique to the real-time world: Kernel Threads and Threaded Priority Tracking.

By William Weinberg, Technical Sales Manager, Lynx Real-Time Systems.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.51article download
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REAL/IX PX Operating System
This article presents the REAL/IX PX Real-Time Operating System. It is based on Unix System V Release 3, is POSIX compliant and has a graphical window manager based on X11R5 and X11R6. It runs on Intel processor computers.

By Michael Duvall, Senior Marketing Manager, Modcomp.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.59article download
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CHORUS
Fast Error Recovery of CHORUS/OS: The Hot-Restart Technology
This article describes the hot-restart high-availability feature provided in the CHORUS/ClassiX r3 operating system.

By Michel Tombroff, Manager of business development, Chorus Systems.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.64article download
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DSP
The Challenge of Developing an RTOS for DSP
DSP applications are of the most demanding in terms of datarates and computational requirements. They also can have very diverse real-time requirements. It is important to understand the real design issues at hand to obtain maximum performance. In addition, the resulting complexity requires a careful design of the RTOS. All require a judicious analysis of the higher level as well as of the lowest level application requirements. We will give an overview of the different scheduling requirements and how they can be met.

By Eric Verhulst, President, Eonic Systems Inc.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.72article download
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DSP/BIOS Standard Software Infrastructure for the DSP Mainstream
This article presents DSP/BIOS, a Real-Time kernel for DSP Development. After analysing the development methods used in the DSP world, the author explains the benefits of using such a tool. DSP/BIOS also includes some instrumentation tools that help the developer in tuning applications.

By Bob Frankel, Vice President of Technology, Spectron Microsystems.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.82article download
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HW SUPPORT
Large CPCI Passive Backplanes and Real Time
This article deals with the problem of PCI-to-PCI bridges interrupt dispatching. To avoid the latency introduced by the cascading of bridges, Digital has developed a hardware component: The DMCC Interrupt Accelerator. It always guarantees an interrupt dispatch latency of two bus-read cycles.

By Werner Reuss, Engineer, Digital Equipment Corp.
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97q2 - p.88article download
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OTHERS
Advertisement Index
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97/2 - p. 58

OMI
Trends in Integration - the Impact on System Designers
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97/2 - p. 92article download

Agenda
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97/2 - p. 93

Company Directory - RTOS
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97/2 - p. 95

Subscription Form
RTOS UPDATE (1) - 97/2 - p. 113

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